【问题】
折腾：
【已解决】在远程Ubuntu服务器中开通NFS服务供别人访问服务器上的文件
期间，
虽然fstab中添加了mount nfs的配置：
121.41.120.185:/home/share/image /root/nfs_client_root/ nfs auto,noatime,nolock,bg,nfsvers=4,intr,tcp,actimeo=1800 0 0
结果服务器重启后，却没有自动mount nfs。
【解决过程】
1.搜：
nfs fstab fail
centos 7 nfs fstab fail
参考：
Bug #1384502 “fstab entry for nfs /home fails to mount on boot” : Bugs : mountall package : Ubuntu
Solving NFS Mounts at Boot Time | The Nubby Admin
2.参考：
Mount /etc/fstab at startup – Server Fault
去看看所谓的netfs是否启动了：
结果chkconfig和ntsysv
试了试，都不太会用。
[email protected]:~# chkconfig --help chkconfig version 1.3.61 - Copyright (C) 1997-2000 Red Hat, Inc. This may be freely redistributed under the terms of the GNU Public License. usage: chkconfig [--list] [--type <type>] [name] chkconfig --add <name> chkconfig --del <name> chkconfig --override <name> chkconfig [--level <levels>] [--type <type>] <name> <on|off|reset|resetpriorities> [email protected]:~# chkconfig --list Note: This output shows SysV services only and does not include native systemd services. SysV configuration data might be overridden by native systemd configuration. If you want to list systemd services use 'systemctl list-unit-files'. To see services enabled on particular target use 'systemctl list-dependencies [target]'. aegis 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off agentwatch 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off netconsole 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off network 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off [email protected]:~# ntsysv --help --help: unknown option [email protected]:~# ntsysv -h -h: unknown option [email protected]:~# ntsysv netfs ntsysv 1.3.61 - (C) 2000-2001 Red Hat, Inc. ... [email protected]:~#
3.参考：
14.04 – Can’t auto-mount NFS share using fstab – Ask Ubuntu
想办法去：
【已解决】CentOS和Ubuntu中如何确认已安装的NFS的版本
发现此处的NFS的版本号的确是4。
所以继续去找其他原因。
4.去开启netfs，结果出错：
[email protected]:~# chkconfig netfs on error reading information on service netfs: No such file or directory
5.参考：
Mount /etc/fstab at startup – Server Fault
去给rc.local中最后添加一行：
mount -a
但是对于CentOS 7中的rc.local在哪里都不知道。
所以再去搜：
centos 7 rc.local
参考：
linux – CentOS – commands in rc.local not run – Unix & Linux Stack Exchange
Make /etc/rc.local works in CentOS 7-Hard Coder
centos 7 /etc/rc.local 开机不执行的问题 – 闲潭小筑 – 51CTO技术博客
所以去给：
/etc/rc.d/rc.local
添加可执行权限：
[email protected]:~# ls /etc/r rc0.d/ rc3.d/ rc6.d/ redhat-lsb/ request-key.d/ rpm/ rsyslog.d/ rc1.d/ rc4.d/ rc.d/ redhat-release resolv.conf rsyncd.conf rwtab rc2.d/ rc5.d/ rc.local request-key.conf rpc rsyslog.conf rwtab.d/ [email protected]:~# ls /etc/rc. rc.d/ rc.local [email protected]:~# ls /etc/rc.local -l lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 13 Jun 4 15:19 /etc/rc.local -> rc.d/rc.local [email protected]:~# ls /etc/rc.d/ -l total 36 drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Jun 4 15:21 init.d drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Jun 4 15:21 rc0.d drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Jun 4 15:21 rc1.d drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Jun 4 15:21 rc2.d drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Jun 4 15:21 rc3.d drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Jun 4 15:21 rc4.d drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Jun 4 15:21 rc5.d drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Jun 4 15:21 rc6.d -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 473 May 13 03:44 rc.local [email protected]:~# chmod +a /etc/rc.d/rc.local chmod: invalid mode: ‘+a’ Try 'chmod --help' for more information. [email protected]:~# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local [email protected]:~# ls /etc/rc.d/ -l total 36 drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Jun 4 15:21 init.d drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Jun 4 15:21 rc0.d drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Jun 4 15:21 rc1.d drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Jun 4 15:21 rc2.d drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Jun 4 15:21 rc3.d drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Jun 4 15:21 rc4.d drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Jun 4 15:21 rc5.d drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Jun 4 15:21 rc6.d -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 473 May 13 03:44 rc.local [email protected]:~#
不过也发现，此处其中并没什么内容：
[email protected]:~# cat /etc/rc.local #!/bin/bash # THIS FILE IS ADDED FOR COMPATIBILITY PURPOSES # # It is highly advisable to create own systemd services or udev rules # to run scripts during boot instead of using this file. # # In contrast to previous versions due to parallel execution during boot # this script will NOT be run after all other services. # # Please note that you must run 'chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local' to ensure # that this script will be executed during boot. touch /var/lock/subsys/local [email protected]:~#
然后添加mount -a：
[email protected]:~# vi /etc/rc.local #!/bin/bash # THIS FILE IS ADDED FOR COMPATIBILITY PURPOSES # # It is highly advisable to create own systemd services or udev rules # to run scripts during boot instead of using this file. # # In contrast to previous versions due to parallel execution during boot # this script will NOT be run after all other services. # # Please note that you must run 'chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local' to ensure # that this script will be executed during boot. touch /var/lock/subsys/local mount -a ~ "/etc/rc.local" 14L, 482C written [email protected]:~#
然后重启试试效果。
果然重启后，就可以自动mount了：
[email protected]:~# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/xvda1 20G 2.0G 17G 11% / devtmpfs 488M 0 488M 0% /dev tmpfs 497M 0 497M 0% /dev/shm tmpfs 497M 6.5M 490M 2% /run tmpfs 497M 0 497M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup 121.41.120.185:/home/share/image 20G 1.8G 17G 10% /root/nfs_client_root [email protected]:~# ls /etc/rc.local -l lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 13 Jun 4 15:19 /etc/rc.local -> rc.d/rc.local [email protected]:~# ls /etc/rc.d/rc.local -l -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 482 Jul 25 10:19 /etc/rc.d/rc.local [email protected]:~#
即，通过df中可以看到nfs挂载成功了。
【总结】
此处，CentOS 7中，在fstab中添加了自动挂载NFS的配置，但是系统启动后没有成功挂载的解决办法是：
1.先确保CentOS 7中的rc.local系统启动时可以自动运行
->需要确保该文件有可执行的权限
->/etc/rc.local是个软链接，所链接的实际文件是/ect/rc.d/rc.local，CentOS 7中默认没有执行权限
->所以此处要去给/etc/rc.d/rc.local添加可执行权限：
chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local
2.然后再给/etc/rc.local中最后添加一行：
mount -a
其中-a参数的含义是：
-a, –all mount all filesystems mentioned in fstab
如此，系统启动后，就会运行/etc/rc.local，然后就会执行到
mount -a
即执行fstab中的所有项，最终执行到NFS的mount。