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【教程】模拟登陆网站 之 C#版(内含两种版本的完整的可运行的代码)

C# crifan 21395浏览 0评论

之前已经介绍过了网络相关的一些基础知识了:

【整理】关于抓取网页,分析网页内容,模拟登陆网站的逻辑/流程和注意事项

以及简单的网页内容抓取,用C#是如何实现的:

【教程】抓取网并提取网页中所需要的信息 之 C#版

现在接着来介绍,以模拟登陆百度首页:

http://www.baidu.com/

为例,说明如何通过C#模拟登陆网站。

不过,此处需要介绍一下此文前提:

假定你已经看完了:

【整理】关于抓取网页,分析网页内容,模拟登陆网站的逻辑/流程和注意事项

了解了基本的网络相关基本概念;

看完了:

【总结】浏览器中的开发人员工具(IE9的F12和Chrome的Ctrl+Shift+I)-网页分析的利器

知道了如何使用IE9的F12等工具去分析网页执行的过程。


1.模拟登陆网站之前,需要搞清楚,登陆该网站的内部执行逻辑

 

此想要通过程序,即C#代码,实现模拟登陆百度首页之前。

你自己本身先要搞懂,本身登陆该网站,内部的逻辑是什么样的。

而关于如何利用工具,分析出来,百度首页登录的内部逻辑过程,参见:

【教程】手把手教你如何利用工具(IE9的F12)去分析模拟登陆网站(百度首页)的内部逻辑过程

2.然后才是用对应的语言(C#)去实现,模拟登陆的逻辑

 

看懂了上述用F12分析出来的百度首页的登陆的内部逻辑过程,接下来,用C#代码去实现,相对来说,就不是很难了。

注:

(1)关于在C#中如何利用cookie,不熟悉的,先去看:

【经验总结】Http,网页访问,HttpRequest,HttpResponse相关的知识

(2)对于正则表达式不熟悉的,去参考:

正则表达式学习心得

(3)对C#中的正则表达式的类Regex,不熟悉的,可参考:

C#中的正则表达式的学习心得

此处,再把分析出来的流程,贴出来,以便方便和代码对照:

顺序

     

访问地址

     

访问类型

     

发送的数据

     

需要获得/提取的返回的值

 

   

     1http://www.baidu.com/GET返回的cookie中的BAIDUID
2https://passport.baidu.com/v2/api/?getapi&class=login&tpl=mn&tangram=trueGET包含BAIDUID这个cookie从返回的html中提取出token的值
3https://passport.baidu.com/v2/api/?loginPOST一堆的post data,其中token的值是之前提取出来的需要验证返回的cookie中,是否包含BDUSS,PTOKEN,STOKEN,SAVEUSERID

然后,最终就可以写出相关的,用于演示模拟登录百度首页的C#代码了。

【版本1:C#实现模拟登陆百度首页的完整代码 之 精简版】

其中,通过UI中,点击“获取cookie BAIDUID”:

click get cookie baiduid then got its value

然后调用下面这部分代码:

private void btnGetBaiduid_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
    //http://www.baidu.com/
    string baiduMainUrl = txbBaiduMainUrl.Text;
    //generate http request
    HttpWebRequest req = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(baiduMainUrl);
 
    //add follow code to handle cookies
    req.CookieContainer = new CookieContainer();
    req.CookieContainer.Add(curCookies);
 
    req.Method = "GET";
    //use request to get response
    HttpWebResponse resp = (HttpWebResponse)req.GetResponse();
    txbGotBaiduid.Text = "";
    foreach (Cookie ck in resp.Cookies)
    {
        txbGotBaiduid.Text += "[" + ck.Name + "]=" + ck.Value;
        if (ck.Name == "BAIDUID")
        {
            gotCookieBaiduid = true;
        }
    }
 
    if (gotCookieBaiduid)
    {
        //store cookies
        curCookies = resp.Cookies;
    }
    else
    {
        MessageBox.Show("错误:没有找到cookie BAIDUID !");
    }
}

获得上述所看到的BAIDUID这个cookie的值了。

然后接着点击“获取token值”,然后调用下面的代码:

private void btnGetToken_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
    if (gotCookieBaiduid)
    {
        string getapiUrl = "https://passport.baidu.com/v2/api/?getapi&class=login&tpl=mn&tangram=true";
        HttpWebRequest req = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(getapiUrl);
 
        //add previously got cookies
        req.CookieContainer = new CookieContainer();
        req.CookieContainer.Add(curCookies);
 
        req.Method = "GET";
        HttpWebResponse resp = (HttpWebResponse)req.GetResponse();
        StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(resp.GetResponseStream());
        string respHtml = sr.ReadToEnd();
 
        //bdPass.api.params.login_token='5ab690978812b0e7fbbe1bfc267b90b3';
        string tokenValP = @"bdPass\.api\.params\.login_token='(?<tokenVal>\w+)';";
        Match foundTokenVal = (new Regex(tokenValP)).Match(respHtml);
        if (foundTokenVal.Success)
        {
            //extracted the token value
            txbExtractedTokenVal.Text = foundTokenVal.Groups["tokenVal"].Value;
            extractTokenValueOK = true;
        }
        else
        {
            txbExtractedTokenVal.Text = "错误:没有找到token的值!";
        }
 
    }
    else
    {
        MessageBox.Show("错误:之前没有正确获得Cookie:BAIDUID !");
    }
}

就可以获取对应的token的值了:

click get token then got token value

接着再去填上你的百度的用户名和密码,然后再点击“模拟登陆百度首页”,就会调用如下代码:

private void btnEmulateLoginBaidu_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
    if (gotCookieBaiduid && extractTokenValueOK)
    {
        string staticpage = "http://www.baidu.com/cache/user/html/jump.html";
         
        //init post dict info
        Dictionary<string, string> postDict = new Dictionary<string, string>();
        //postDict.Add("ppui_logintime", "");
        postDict.Add("charset", "utf-8");
        //postDict.Add("codestring", "");
        postDict.Add("token", txbExtractedTokenVal.Text);
        postDict.Add("isPhone", "false");
        postDict.Add("index", "0");
        //postDict.Add("u", "");
        //postDict.Add("safeflg", "0");
        postDict.Add("staticpage", staticpage);
        postDict.Add("loginType", "1");
        postDict.Add("tpl", "mn");
        postDict.Add("callback", "parent.bdPass.api.login._postCallback");
        postDict.Add("username", txbBaiduUsername.Text);
        postDict.Add("password", txbBaiduPassword.Text);
        //postDict.Add("verifycode", "");
        postDict.Add("mem_pass", "on");
 
        string baiduMainLoginUrl = "https://passport.baidu.com/v2/api/?login";
        HttpWebRequest req = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(baiduMainLoginUrl);
        //add cookie
        req.CookieContainer = new CookieContainer();
        req.CookieContainer.Add(curCookies);
        //set to POST
        req.Method = "POST";
        req.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
        //prepare post data
        string postDataStr = quoteParas(postDict);
        byte[] postBytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(postDataStr);
        req.ContentLength = postBytes.Length;
        //send post data
        Stream postDataStream = req.GetRequestStream();
        postDataStream.Write(postBytes, 0, postBytes.Length);
        postDataStream.Close();
        //got response
        HttpWebResponse resp = (HttpWebResponse)req.GetResponse();
        //got returned html
        StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(resp.GetResponseStream());
        string loginBaiduRespHtml = sr.ReadToEnd();
 
        //check whether got all expected cookies
        Dictionary<string, bool> cookieCheckDict = new Dictionary<string, bool>();
        string[] cookiesNameList = {"BDUSS", "PTOKEN", "STOKEN", "SAVEUSERID"};
        foreach (String cookieToCheck in cookiesNameList)
        {
            cookieCheckDict.Add(cookieToCheck, false); 
        }
 
        foreach (Cookie singleCookie in resp.Cookies)
        {
            if (cookieCheckDict.ContainsKey(singleCookie.Name))
            {
                cookieCheckDict[singleCookie.Name] = true;
            }
        }
 
        bool allCookiesFound = true;
        foreach (bool foundCurCookie in cookieCheckDict.Values)
        {
            allCookiesFound = allCookiesFound && foundCurCookie; 
        }
 
 
        loginBaiduOk = allCookiesFound;
        if (loginBaiduOk)
        {
            txbEmulateLoginResult.Text = "成功模拟登陆百度首页!";
        }
        else
        {
            txbEmulateLoginResult.Text = "模拟登陆百度首页 失败!";
            txbEmulateLoginResult.Text += Environment.NewLine + "所返回的Header信息为:";
            txbEmulateLoginResult.Text += Environment.NewLine + resp.Headers.ToString();
            txbEmulateLoginResult.Text += Environment.NewLine + Environment.NewLine;
            txbEmulateLoginResult.Text += Environment.NewLine + "所返回的HTML源码为:";
            txbEmulateLoginResult.Text += Environment.NewLine + loginBaiduRespHtml;
        }
    }
    else
    {
        MessageBox.Show("错误:没有正确获得Cookie BAIDUID 和/或 没有正确提取出token值!");
    }
}

如果用户名和密码都是正确的话,即可成功登陆:

input name and pwd then click login will login ok

当然,如果故意输入错误的用户名和密码,则会显示登陆错误,并且打印出返回的headers值和html代码:

fake name and pwd will login fail

完整的C#模拟登陆百度首页的代码,如下:

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;
 
using System.Net;
using System.IO;
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
using System.Web;
 
namespace emulateLoginBaidu
{
    public partial class frmEmulateLoginBaidu : Form
    {
        CookieCollection curCookies = null;
 
        bool gotCookieBaiduid, extractTokenValueOK, loginBaiduOk;
 
        public frmEmulateLoginBaidu()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }
 
        private void frmEmulateLoginBaidu_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            //init
            curCookies = new CookieCollection();
            gotCookieBaiduid = false;
            extractTokenValueOK = false;
            loginBaiduOk = false;
        }
 
        /******************************************************************************
        functions in crifanLib.cs
        *******************************************************************************/
 
        //quote the input dict values
        //note: the return result for first para no '&'
        public string quoteParas(Dictionary<string, string> paras)
        {
            string quotedParas = "";
            bool isFirst = true;
            string val = "";
            foreach (string para in paras.Keys)
            {
                if (paras.TryGetValue(para, out val))
                {
                    if (isFirst)
                    {
                        isFirst = false;
                        quotedParas += para + "=" + HttpUtility.UrlPathEncode(val);
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        quotedParas += "&" + para + "=" + HttpUtility.UrlPathEncode(val);
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                    break;
                }
            }
 
            return quotedParas;
        }
 
        /******************************************************************************
        Demo emulate login baidu related functions
        *******************************************************************************/
 
        private void btnGetBaiduid_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            //http://www.baidu.com/
            string baiduMainUrl = txbBaiduMainUrl.Text;
            //generate http request
            HttpWebRequest req = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(baiduMainUrl);
 
            //add follow code to handle cookies
            req.CookieContainer = new CookieContainer();
            req.CookieContainer.Add(curCookies);
 
            req.Method = "GET";
            //use request to get response
            HttpWebResponse resp = (HttpWebResponse)req.GetResponse();
            txbGotBaiduid.Text = "";
            foreach (Cookie ck in resp.Cookies)
            {
                txbGotBaiduid.Text += "[" + ck.Name + "]=" + ck.Value;
                if (ck.Name == "BAIDUID")
                {
                    gotCookieBaiduid = true;
                }
            }
 
            if (gotCookieBaiduid)
            {
                //store cookies
                curCookies = resp.Cookies;
            }
            else
            {
                MessageBox.Show("错误:没有找到cookie BAIDUID !");
            }
        }
 
        private void btnGetToken_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            if (gotCookieBaiduid)
            {
                string getapiUrl = "https://passport.baidu.com/v2/api/?getapi&class=login&tpl=mn&tangram=true";
                HttpWebRequest req = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(getapiUrl);
 
                //add previously got cookies
                req.CookieContainer = new CookieContainer();
                req.CookieContainer.Add(curCookies);
 
                req.Method = "GET";
                HttpWebResponse resp = (HttpWebResponse)req.GetResponse();
                StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(resp.GetResponseStream());
                string respHtml = sr.ReadToEnd();
 
                //bdPass.api.params.login_token='5ab690978812b0e7fbbe1bfc267b90b3';
                string tokenValP = @"bdPass\.api\.params\.login_token='(?<tokenVal>\w+)';";
                Match foundTokenVal = (new Regex(tokenValP)).Match(respHtml);
                if (foundTokenVal.Success)
                {
                    //extracted the token value
                    txbExtractedTokenVal.Text = foundTokenVal.Groups["tokenVal"].Value;
                    extractTokenValueOK = true;
                }
                else
                {
                    txbExtractedTokenVal.Text = "错误:没有找到token的值!";
                }
 
            }
            else
            {
                MessageBox.Show("错误:之前没有正确获得Cookie:BAIDUID !");
            }
        }
 
        private void btnEmulateLoginBaidu_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            if (gotCookieBaiduid && extractTokenValueOK)
            {
                string staticpage = "http://www.baidu.com/cache/user/html/jump.html";
                 
                //init post dict info
                Dictionary<string, string> postDict = new Dictionary<string, string>();
                //postDict.Add("ppui_logintime", "");
                postDict.Add("charset", "utf-8");
                //postDict.Add("codestring", "");
                postDict.Add("token", txbExtractedTokenVal.Text);
                postDict.Add("isPhone", "false");
                postDict.Add("index", "0");
                //postDict.Add("u", "");
                //postDict.Add("safeflg", "0");
                postDict.Add("staticpage", staticpage);
                postDict.Add("loginType", "1");
                postDict.Add("tpl", "mn");
                postDict.Add("callback", "parent.bdPass.api.login._postCallback");
                postDict.Add("username", txbBaiduUsername.Text);
                postDict.Add("password", txbBaiduPassword.Text);
                //postDict.Add("verifycode", "");
                postDict.Add("mem_pass", "on");
 
                string baiduMainLoginUrl = "https://passport.baidu.com/v2/api/?login";
                HttpWebRequest req = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(baiduMainLoginUrl);
                //add cookie
                req.CookieContainer = new CookieContainer();
                req.CookieContainer.Add(curCookies);
                //set to POST
                req.Method = "POST";
                req.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
                //prepare post data
                string postDataStr = quoteParas(postDict);
                byte[] postBytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(postDataStr);
                req.ContentLength = postBytes.Length;
                //send post data
                Stream postDataStream = req.GetRequestStream();
                postDataStream.Write(postBytes, 0, postBytes.Length);
                postDataStream.Close();
                //got response
                HttpWebResponse resp = (HttpWebResponse)req.GetResponse();
                //got returned html
                StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(resp.GetResponseStream());
                string loginBaiduRespHtml = sr.ReadToEnd();
 
                //check whether got all expected cookies
                Dictionary<string, bool> cookieCheckDict = new Dictionary<string, bool>();
                string[] cookiesNameList = {"BDUSS", "PTOKEN", "STOKEN", "SAVEUSERID"};
                foreach (String cookieToCheck in cookiesNameList)
                {
                    cookieCheckDict.Add(cookieToCheck, false); 
                }
 
                foreach (Cookie singleCookie in resp.Cookies)
                {
                    if (cookieCheckDict.ContainsKey(singleCookie.Name))
                    {
                        cookieCheckDict[singleCookie.Name] = true;
                    }
                }
 
                bool allCookiesFound = true;
                foreach (bool foundCurCookie in cookieCheckDict.Values)
                {
                    allCookiesFound = allCookiesFound && foundCurCookie; 
                }
 
 
                loginBaiduOk = allCookiesFound;
                if (loginBaiduOk)
                {
                    txbEmulateLoginResult.Text = "成功模拟登陆百度首页!";
                }
                else
                {
                    txbEmulateLoginResult.Text = "模拟登陆百度首页 失败!";
                    txbEmulateLoginResult.Text += Environment.NewLine + "所返回的Header信息为:";
                    txbEmulateLoginResult.Text += Environment.NewLine + resp.Headers.ToString();
                    txbEmulateLoginResult.Text += Environment.NewLine + Environment.NewLine;
                    txbEmulateLoginResult.Text += Environment.NewLine + "所返回的HTML源码为:";
                    txbEmulateLoginResult.Text += Environment.NewLine + loginBaiduRespHtml;
                }
            }
            else
            {
                MessageBox.Show("错误:没有正确获得Cookie BAIDUID 和/或 没有正确提取出token值!");
            }
        }
 
        private void lklEmulateLoginTutorialUrl_LinkClicked(object sender, LinkLabelLinkClickedEventArgs e)
        {
            string emulateLoginTutorialUrl = "https://www.crifan.com/emulate_login_website_using_csharp";
            System.Diagnostics.Process.Start(emulateLoginTutorialUrl);
        }
 
        private void btnClearAll_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            curCookies = new CookieCollection();
            gotCookieBaiduid = false;
            extractTokenValueOK = false;
            loginBaiduOk = false;
 
            txbGotBaiduid.Text = "";
            txbExtractedTokenVal.Text = "";
 
            txbBaiduUsername.Text = "";
            txbBaiduPassword.Text = "";
            txbEmulateLoginResult.Text = "";
        }
    }
}

对应的,完整的VS2010的C#项目,可以去这里下载:

emulateLoginBaidu_csharp_2012-11-07.7z

【版本2:C#实现模拟登陆百度首页的完整代码 之 crifanLib.py版】

后来,又把上述代码,改为利用我的C#版本的crifanLib.cs,以方便以后再次利用相关的网络方面的库函数。

下面是完整的,利用到crifanLib.cs的版本,的C#代码:

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;
 
using System.Net;
using System.IO;
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
using System.Web;
 
namespace emulateLoginBaidu
{
    public partial class frmEmulateLoginBaidu : Form
    {
        CookieCollection curCookies = null;
 
        bool gotCookieBaiduid, extractTokenValueOK, loginBaiduOk;
 
        public frmEmulateLoginBaidu()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }
 
        private void frmEmulateLoginBaidu_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            this.AcceptButton = this.btnEmulateLoginBaidu;
 
            //init for crifanLib.cs
            curCookies = new CookieCollection();
 
            //init for demo login
            gotCookieBaiduid = false;
            extractTokenValueOK = false;
            loginBaiduOk = false;
        }
 
        /******************************************************************************
        functions in crifanLib.cs
        Online browser: http://code.google.com/p/crifanlib/source/browse/trunk/csharp/crifanLib.cs
        Download:       http://code.google.com/p/crifanlib/
        *******************************************************************************/
 
        //quote the input dict values
        //note: the return result for first para no '&'
        public string quoteParas(Dictionary<string, string> paras)
        {
            string quotedParas = "";
            bool isFirst = true;
            string val = "";
            foreach (string para in paras.Keys)
            {
                if (paras.TryGetValue(para, out val))
                {
                    if (isFirst)
                    {
                        isFirst = false;
                        quotedParas += para + "=" + HttpUtility.UrlPathEncode(val);
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        quotedParas += "&" + para + "=" + HttpUtility.UrlPathEncode(val);
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                    break;
                }
            }
 
            return quotedParas;
        }
 
 
        /*********************************************************************/
        /* cookie */
        /*********************************************************************/
 
        //add a single cookie to cookies, if already exist, update its value
        public void addCookieToCookies(Cookie toAdd, ref CookieCollection cookies, bool overwriteDomain)
        {
            bool found = false;
 
            if (cookies.Count > 0)
            {
                foreach (Cookie originalCookie in cookies)
                {
                    if (originalCookie.Name == toAdd.Name)
                    {
                        // !!! for different domain, cookie is not same,
                        // so should not set the cookie value here while their domains is not same
                        // only if it explictly need overwrite domain
                        if ((originalCookie.Domain == toAdd.Domain) ||
                            ((originalCookie.Domain != toAdd.Domain) && overwriteDomain))
                        {
                            //here can not force convert CookieCollection to HttpCookieCollection,
                            //then use .remove to remove this cookie then add
                            // so no good way to copy all field value
                            originalCookie.Value = toAdd.Value;
 
                            originalCookie.Domain = toAdd.Domain;
 
                            originalCookie.Expires = toAdd.Expires;
                            originalCookie.Version = toAdd.Version;
                            originalCookie.Path = toAdd.Path;
 
                            //following fields seems should not change
                            //originalCookie.HttpOnly = toAdd.HttpOnly;
                            //originalCookie.Secure = toAdd.Secure;
 
                            found = true;
                            break;
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
 
            if (!found)
            {
                if (toAdd.Domain != "")
                {
                    // if add the null domain, will lead to follow req.CookieContainer.Add(cookies) failed !!!
                    cookies.Add(toAdd);
                }
            }
 
        }//addCookieToCookies
 
        //add singel cookie to cookies, default no overwrite domain
        public void addCookieToCookies(Cookie toAdd, ref CookieCollection cookies)
        {
            addCookieToCookies(toAdd, ref cookies, false);
        }
 
        //check whether the cookies contains the ckToCheck cookie
        //support:
        //ckTocheck is Cookie/string
        //cookies is Cookie/string/CookieCollection/string[]
        public bool isContainCookie(object ckToCheck, object cookies)
        {
            bool isContain = false;
 
            if ((ckToCheck != null) && (cookies != null))
            {
                string ckName = "";
                Type type = ckToCheck.GetType();
 
                //string typeStr = ckType.ToString();
 
                //if (ckType.FullName == "System.string")
                if (type.Name.ToLower() == "string")
                {
                    ckName = (string)ckToCheck;
                }
                else if (type.Name == "Cookie")
                {
                    ckName = ((Cookie)ckToCheck).Name;
                }
 
                if (ckName != "")
                {
                    type = cookies.GetType();
 
                    // is single Cookie
                    if (type.Name == "Cookie")
                    {
                        if (ckName == ((Cookie)cookies).Name)
                        {
                            isContain = true;
                        }
                    }
                    // is CookieCollection
                    else if (type.Name == "CookieCollection")
                    {
                        foreach (Cookie ck in (CookieCollection)cookies)
                        {
                            if (ckName == ck.Name)
                            {
                                isContain = true;
                                break;
                            }
                        }
                    }
                    // is single cookie name string
                    else if (type.Name.ToLower() == "string")
                    {
                        if (ckName == (string)cookies)
                        {
                            isContain = true;
                        }
                    }
                    // is cookie name string[]
                    else if (type.Name.ToLower() == "string[]")
                    {
                        foreach (string name in ((string[])cookies))
                        {
                            if (ckName == name)
                            {
                                isContain = true;
                                break;
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
 
            return isContain;
        }//isContainCookie
 
        // update cookiesToUpdate to localCookies
        // if omitUpdateCookies designated, then omit cookies of omitUpdateCookies in cookiesToUpdate
        public void updateLocalCookies(CookieCollection cookiesToUpdate, ref CookieCollection localCookies, object omitUpdateCookies)
        {
            if (cookiesToUpdate.Count > 0)
            {
                if (localCookies == null)
                {
                    localCookies = cookiesToUpdate;
                }
                else
                {
                    foreach (Cookie newCookie in cookiesToUpdate)
                    {
                        if (isContainCookie(newCookie, omitUpdateCookies))
                        {
                            // need omit process this
                        }
                        else
                        {
                            addCookieToCookies(newCookie, ref localCookies);
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }//updateLocalCookies
         
        //update cookiesToUpdate to localCookies
        public void updateLocalCookies(CookieCollection cookiesToUpdate, ref CookieCollection localCookies)
        {
            updateLocalCookies(cookiesToUpdate, ref localCookies, null);
        }
 
        /*********************************************************************/
        /* HTTP */
        /*********************************************************************/
 
        /* get url's response */
        public HttpWebResponse getUrlResponse(string url,
                                        Dictionary<string, string> headerDict,
                                        Dictionary<string, string> postDict,
                                        int timeout,
                                        string postDataStr)
        {
            //CookieCollection parsedCookies;
 
            HttpWebResponse resp = null;
 
            HttpWebRequest req = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);
 
            req.AllowAutoRedirect = true;
            req.Accept = "*/*";
 
            //const string gAcceptLanguage = "en-US"; // zh-CN/en-US
            //req.Headers["Accept-Language"] = gAcceptLanguage;
 
            req.KeepAlive = true;
 
            //IE8
            //const string gUserAgent = "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/4.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; Media Center PC 6.0; InfoPath.3; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E";
            //IE9
            //const string gUserAgent = "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/5.0)"; // x64
            const string gUserAgent = "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1; Trident/5.0)"; // x86
            //Chrome
            //const string gUserAgent = "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US) AppleWebKit/533.4 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/5.0.375.99 Safari/533.4";
            //Mozilla Firefox
            //const string gUserAgent = "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; rv:1.9.2.6) Gecko/20100625 Firefox/3.6.6";
            req.UserAgent = gUserAgent;
 
            req.Headers["Accept-Encoding"] = "gzip, deflate";
            req.AutomaticDecompression = DecompressionMethods.GZip;
 
            req.Proxy = null;
 
            if (timeout > 0)
            {
                req.Timeout = timeout;
            }
 
            if (curCookies != null)
            {
                req.CookieContainer = new CookieContainer();
                req.CookieContainer.PerDomainCapacity = 40; // following will exceed max default 20 cookie per domain
                req.CookieContainer.Add(curCookies);
            }
 
            if (headerDict != null)
            {
                foreach (string header in headerDict.Keys)
                {
                    string headerValue = "";
                    if (headerDict.TryGetValue(header, out headerValue))
                    {
                        // following are allow the caller overwrite the default header setting
                        if (header.ToLower() == "referer")
                        {
                            req.Referer = headerValue;
                        }
                        else if (header.ToLower() == "allowautoredirect")
                        {
                            bool isAllow = false;
                            if (bool.TryParse(headerValue, out isAllow))
                            {
                                req.AllowAutoRedirect = isAllow;
                            }
                        }
                        else if (header.ToLower() == "accept")
                        {
                            req.Accept = headerValue;
                        }
                        else if (header.ToLower() == "keepalive")
                        {
                            bool isKeepAlive = false;
                            if (bool.TryParse(headerValue, out isKeepAlive))
                            {
                                req.KeepAlive = isKeepAlive;
                            }
                        }
                        else if (header.ToLower() == "accept-language")
                        {
                            req.Headers["Accept-Language"] = headerValue;
                        }
                        else if (header.ToLower() == "useragent")
                        {
                            req.UserAgent = headerValue;
                        }
                        else
                        {
                            req.Headers[header] = headerValue;
                        }
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        break;
                    }
                }
            }
 
            if (postDict != null || postDataStr != "")
            {
                req.Method = "POST";
                req.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
 
                if (postDict != null)
                {
                    postDataStr = quoteParas(postDict);
                }
 
                //byte[] postBytes = Encoding.GetEncoding("utf-8").GetBytes(postData);
                byte[] postBytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(postDataStr);
                req.ContentLength = postBytes.Length;
 
                Stream postDataStream = req.GetRequestStream();
                postDataStream.Write(postBytes, 0, postBytes.Length);
                postDataStream.Close();
            }
            else
            {
                req.Method = "GET";
            }
 
            //may timeout, has fixed in:
            //https://www.crifan.com/fixed_problem_sometime_httpwebrequest_getresponse_timeout/
            resp = (HttpWebResponse)req.GetResponse();
 
            updateLocalCookies(resp.Cookies, ref curCookies);
 
            return resp;
        }
 
        public HttpWebResponse getUrlResponse(string url,
                                    Dictionary<string, string> headerDict,
                                    Dictionary<string, string> postDict)
        {
            return getUrlResponse(url, headerDict, postDict, 0, "");
        }
 
        public HttpWebResponse getUrlResponse(string url)
        {
            return getUrlResponse(url, null, null, 0, "");
        }
 
        // valid charset:"GB18030"/"UTF-8", invliad:"UTF8"
        public string getUrlRespHtml(string url,
                                        Dictionary<string, string> headerDict,
                                        string charset,
                                        Dictionary<string, string> postDict,
                                        int timeout,
                                        string postDataStr)
        {
            string respHtml = "";
 
            //HttpWebResponse resp = getUrlResponse(url, headerDict, postDict, timeout);
            HttpWebResponse resp = getUrlResponse(url, headerDict, postDict, timeout, postDataStr);
 
            //long realRespLen = resp.ContentLength;
 
            StreamReader sr;
            if ((charset != null) && (charset != ""))
            {
                Encoding htmlEncoding = Encoding.GetEncoding(charset);
                sr = new StreamReader(resp.GetResponseStream(), htmlEncoding);
            }
            else
            {
                sr = new StreamReader(resp.GetResponseStream());
            }
            respHtml = sr.ReadToEnd();
 
            return respHtml;
        }
 
        public string getUrlRespHtml(string url, Dictionary<string, string> headerDict, string charset, Dictionary<string, string> postDict, string postDataStr)
        {
            return getUrlRespHtml(url, headerDict, charset, postDict, 0, postDataStr);
        }
 
        public string getUrlRespHtml(string url, Dictionary<string, string> headerDict, Dictionary<string, string> postDict)
        {
            return getUrlRespHtml(url, headerDict, "", postDict, "");
        }
 
        public string getUrlRespHtml(string url, Dictionary<string, string> headerDict)
        {
            return getUrlRespHtml(url, headerDict, null);
        }
 
        public string getUrlRespHtml(string url, string charset, int timeout)
        {
            return getUrlRespHtml(url, null, charset, null, timeout, "");
        }
 
        public string getUrlRespHtml(string url, string charset)
        {
            return getUrlRespHtml(url, charset, 0);
        }
 
        public string getUrlRespHtml(string url)
        {
            return getUrlRespHtml(url, "");
        }
 
 
        /******************************************************************************
        Demo emulate login baidu related functions
        *******************************************************************************/
 
        private void btnGetBaiduid_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            //http://www.baidu.com/
            string baiduMainUrl = txbBaiduMainUrl.Text;
            HttpWebResponse resp = getUrlResponse(baiduMainUrl);
            txbGotBaiduid.Text = "";
            foreach (Cookie ck in resp.Cookies)
            {
                txbGotBaiduid.Text += "[" + ck.Name + "]=" + ck.Value;
                if (ck.Name == "BAIDUID")
                {
                    gotCookieBaiduid = true;
                }
            }
 
            if (gotCookieBaiduid)
            {
                //store cookies
                curCookies = resp.Cookies;
            }
            else
            {
                MessageBox.Show("错误:没有找到cookie BAIDUID !");
            }
        }
 
        private void btnGetToken_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            if (gotCookieBaiduid)
            {
                string getapiUrl = "https://passport.baidu.com/v2/api/?getapi&class=login&tpl=mn&tangram=true";
                string respHtml = getUrlRespHtml(getapiUrl);
 
                //bdPass.api.params.login_token='5ab690978812b0e7fbbe1bfc267b90b3';
                string tokenValP = @"bdPass\.api\.params\.login_token='(?<tokenVal>\w+)';";
                Match foundTokenVal = (new Regex(tokenValP)).Match(respHtml);
                if (foundTokenVal.Success)
                {
                    //extracted the token value
                    txbExtractedTokenVal.Text = foundTokenVal.Groups["tokenVal"].Value;
                    extractTokenValueOK = true;
                }
                else
                {
                    txbExtractedTokenVal.Text = "错误:没有找到token的值!";
                }
 
            }
            else
            {
                MessageBox.Show("错误:之前没有正确获得Cookie:BAIDUID !");
            }
        }
 
        private void btnEmulateLoginBaidu_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            if (gotCookieBaiduid && extractTokenValueOK)
            {
                string staticpage = "http://www.baidu.com/cache/user/html/jump.html";
                 
                //init post dict info
                Dictionary<string, string> postDict = new Dictionary<string, string>();
                //postDict.Add("ppui_logintime", "");
                postDict.Add("charset", "utf-8");
                //postDict.Add("codestring", "");
                postDict.Add("token", txbExtractedTokenVal.Text);
                postDict.Add("isPhone", "false");
                postDict.Add("index", "0");
                //postDict.Add("u", "");
                //postDict.Add("safeflg", "0");
                postDict.Add("staticpage", staticpage);
                postDict.Add("loginType", "1");
                postDict.Add("tpl", "mn");
                postDict.Add("callback", "parent.bdPass.api.login._postCallback");
                postDict.Add("username", txbBaiduUsername.Text);
                postDict.Add("password", txbBaiduPassword.Text);
                //postDict.Add("verifycode", "");
                postDict.Add("mem_pass", "on");
 
                string baiduMainLoginUrl = "https://passport.baidu.com/v2/api/?login";
                string loginBaiduRespHtml = getUrlRespHtml(baiduMainLoginUrl, null, postDict);
 
                //check whether got all expected cookies
                Dictionary<string, bool> cookieCheckDict = new Dictionary<string, bool>();
                string[] cookiesNameList = {"BDUSS", "PTOKEN", "STOKEN", "SAVEUSERID"};
                foreach (String cookieToCheck in cookiesNameList)
                {
                    cookieCheckDict.Add(cookieToCheck, false); 
                }
 
                foreach (Cookie singleCookie in curCookies)
                {
                    if (cookieCheckDict.ContainsKey(singleCookie.Name))
                    {
                        cookieCheckDict[singleCookie.Name] = true;
                    }
                }
 
                bool allCookiesFound = true;
                foreach (bool foundCurCookie in cookieCheckDict.Values)
                {
                    allCookiesFound = allCookiesFound && foundCurCookie; 
                }
 
 
                loginBaiduOk = allCookiesFound;
                if (loginBaiduOk)
                {
                    txbEmulateLoginResult.Text = "成功模拟登陆百度首页!";
                }
                else
                {
                    txbEmulateLoginResult.Text = "模拟登陆百度首页 失败!";
                    txbEmulateLoginResult.Text += Environment.NewLine + "所返回的HTML源码为:";
                    txbEmulateLoginResult.Text += Environment.NewLine + loginBaiduRespHtml;
                }
            }
            else
            {
                MessageBox.Show("错误:没有正确获得Cookie BAIDUID 和/或 没有正确提取出token值!");
            }
        }
 
        private void lklEmulateLoginTutorialUrl_LinkClicked(object sender, LinkLabelLinkClickedEventArgs e)
        {
            string emulateLoginTutorialUrl = "https://www.crifan.com/emulate_login_website_using_csharp";
            System.Diagnostics.Process.Start(emulateLoginTutorialUrl);
        }
 
        private void btnClearAll_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            curCookies = new CookieCollection();
            gotCookieBaiduid = false;
            extractTokenValueOK = false;
            loginBaiduOk = false;
 
            txbGotBaiduid.Text = "";
            txbExtractedTokenVal.Text = "";
 
            txbBaiduUsername.Text = "";
            txbBaiduPassword.Text = "";
            txbEmulateLoginResult.Text = "";
        }
 
    }
}

完整的VS2010的项目,可去这里下载:

emulateLoginBaidu_csharp_crifanLibVersion_2012-11-07.7z

关于crifanLib.cs:

在线浏览:crifanLib.cs

下载:crifanLib_2012-11-07.7z

【总结】

可以看出,虽然之前分析出来的,模拟登陆百度首页的流程,相对不是那么复杂,但是实际上用C#实现起来,要比用Python实现出来,要复杂的多。

主要原因在于,Python中封装了很多常用的,好用的库函数。而C#中,很多细节,都需要自己处理,包括GET或POST时的各种参数,都要考虑到,另外尤其是涉及cookie等方面的内容,很是繁琐。

所以,对于抓取网页分析内容,和模拟登陆网站来说,还是Python用起来比较方便。


【后记 2013-09-11】

1.经过研究:

【记录】研究模拟登陆百度的C#代码为何在.NET 4.0中不工作

的确是:

之前的代码, 在.NET 3.5之前,都是正常工作的,而在.NET 4.0中,是不工作的;

2.现已找到原因并修复。

原因是:

.NET 4.0,对于没有指定expires域的cookie,会把cookie的expires域值设置成默认的0001年0分0秒,由此导致该cookie过期失效,导致百度的那个cookie:

H_PS_PSSID

失效,导致后续操作都异常了。

而.NET 3.5之前,虽然cookie的expires域值也是默认的0001年0分0秒,但是实际上cookie还是可用的,所以后续就正常,就不会发生此问题;

3.修复后的代码:

供下载:

(1)模拟百度登陆 独立完整代码版本 .NET 4.0

emulateLoginBaidu_csharp_independentCodeVersion_2013-09-11.7z

 

(2)模拟百度登陆 (利用我自己的)crifanLib版本 .NET 4.0

emulateLoginBaidu_csharp_crifanLibVersion_2013-09-11.7z

 

(抽空再上传上面两个文件,因为此处上传出错:

xxx.7z:

unknown Bytes complete FAILED!

:Upload canceled

: VIRUS DETECTED!

(Heuristics.Broken.Executable FOUND)

抽空换个时间上传试试。还是同样错误的话,再去解决。)

 

【总结】

.NET 不论是3.5以及之前,还是最新的4.0,在解析http的response中的Set-Cookie变成CookieCollection方面:

一直就是狗屎,bug一堆。

详见:

SetCookie解析有bug

以后,能少用那个resp.Cookies,就少用吧。

否则被C#玩死,都不知道怎么死的。

还是用自己写的那个解析函数去解析Set-Cookie,得到正确的CookieCollection吧。

详见:

解析(Http访问所返回的)Set-Cookie的字符串为Cookie数组:parseSetCookie

转载请注明:在路上 » 【教程】模拟登陆网站 之 C#版(内含两种版本的完整的可运行的代码)

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网友最新评论 (33)

  1. 在第一次发送httprequest的时候,cookies就已经有了,发送之前都清空过了,不知道这个cookies是怎么来都
    napoleo6年前 (2017-11-26)回复
  2. 楼主能给个源码不 文章里的链接下载不来邮箱地址 [email protected]
    7年前 (2017-04-17)回复
  3. 楼主能给个源码不 文章里的链接下载不来
    7年前 (2017-04-17)回复
  4. postDict.Add("charset", "utf-8"); //postDict.Add("codestring", ""); postDict.Add("token", txbExtractedTokenVal.Text); postDict.Add("isPhone", "false"); postDict.Add("index", "0"); //postDict.Add("u", ""); //postDict.Add("safeflg", "0"); postDict.Add("staticpage", staticpage); postDict.Add("loginType", "1"); postDict.Add("tpl", "mn"); postDict.Add("callback", "parent.bdPass.api.login._postCallback"); postDict.Add("username", txbBaiduUsername.Text); postDict.Add("password", txbBaiduPassword.Text); //postDict.Add("verifycode", ""); postDict.Add("mem_pass", "on"); 这些你能看到这么全????我也仔细找过哦,如果你真的能实现,一个例子足够了,不需要贴这么多代码,这里又不是编译环境,到处抄袭的代码,还拿来做教程,你以为我没见过吗?压根就实现不了
    阿斯顿9年前 (2015-04-19)回复
    • 能,但是请注意我发帖时间,你是之前可以。如果百度网站改版,而使得现在看不到这么多数据,也完全正常。 我写帖子,是为了尽可能让别人看懂,所以贴的例子,代码,都是很多的。 如果你觉得我抄袭代码,完全可以找到证据:找到我抄袭哪里的代码了。到那时候你再来说我抄袭,别人看了也才服你,你说呢?
      crifan9年前 (2015-04-19)回复
  5. 现在按照教程来不行了,password那里加密了,变成了一长串
    ed2000de10年前 (2014-06-24)回复
  6. 你这样写文章,非常不直观你知道吗?点来点去,都迷糊完了,看到后面都不知道自己看了什么,忘了自己要来搞清楚什么问题,乱七八糟的一团。你不能为了SEO把页面文章弄得阅读体验这么差劲!我要学个复制粘贴操作,你有必要带我把汇编二进制纳米技术都渗透么?
    杰200910年前 (2014-03-29)回复
  7. 使用emulateLoginBaidu_csharp_crifanLibVersion_2013-09-11.7z在我的机子上运行更奇怪,连BAIDUID都获取失败。 正在发现问题所在。。
    10年前 (2014-01-26)回复
  8. 博主好,可以请教个问题吗? 我Post成功登陆了网站,然后再抓包获取发表文章的数据,得到后,Postdata过去的是文章标题和内容,服务器返回的是没有登陆,这里涉及到cookie的问题吧,请问这个怎么解决,是cookie的字符串连同文章标题内容什么的一起post过去吗?还是发文章时网站会验证我是否有cookie,而我要在Httpwebrequest对象里写好?谢谢了
    stu11年前 (2013-07-20)回复
    • 准确的说是,在你发送post请求时,除了你的post data,另外,也要把之前已获得cookie,一起送过去(但不是在post data中) 核心代码就是,帖子里面已经给出的那两句: //add follow code to handle cookies req.CookieContainer = new CookieContainer(); req.CookieContainer.Add(curCookies); 其中curCookies,就是之前response所获得的cookie: //store cookies curCookies = resp.Cookies; 需要注意的是,每次返回的cookie,都是要你自己合并到已有的cookie中的。 而关于cookie的自动管理,参见: 【版本2:C#实现模拟登陆百度首页的完整代码 之 crifanLib.py版】 我都已经实现了相关的代码了。 你只需要使用: if (curCookies != null) { req.CookieContainer = new CookieContainer(); req.CookieContainer.PerDomainCapacity = 40; // following will exceed max default 20 cookie per domain req.CookieContainer.Add(curCookies); } ...... updateLocalCookies(resp.Cookies, ref curCookies); 即可实现自动管理cookie的效果了。
      crifan11年前 (2013-07-20)回复
      • 谢谢回复
        stu11年前 (2013-07-21)回复
  9. 首先感谢有这么好的教程,我看过之后试着做了百度贴吧的自动签到 目前碰到了一个问题,就是多次反复登录之后,出现的验证码怎么弄,我找了好久,不知道这个验证码是从哪里返回的。
    shall_die11年前 (2013-07-05)回复
  10. 问一下如果用mfc怎么获得token值,用哪个函数啊?token值是在访问org.apache.struts.taglib.html.TOKEN后返回的响应正文中出现的。响应正文的一部分如下:
    wudkj11年前 (2013-05-28)回复
    • 1.没研究过。 2.立刻去搜了下: mfc http get 而找到对应的函数: HttpGet HttpPost 3.剩下的,就是你自己折腾,如何使用这些函数和库了。
      crifan11年前 (2013-05-30)回复
  11. 将你这代码在移植到.net4.0下运行的时候 获取不到Token。 把项目修改成2.0就可以 希望改进!!!!!
    Evans11年前 (2013-05-22)回复
  12. Hi,crifan 有个问题想请教一下,如果页面中的表单是用ActiveX写成的,不知道这种在提交及获取信息时是怎么个原理,有相关的资料吗?
    longsences11年前 (2013-05-17)回复
  13. Hi,crifan 我有个问题想请教一下,如果是用ActiveX开发的控件不知道这种的提交请求及分析有相关的资料吗?
    longsences11年前 (2013-05-17)回复
  14. 第一步已经执行, 第二部就出现:错误,没有找到token值
    豆芽11年前 (2013-04-17)回复
    • 出错也没关系,因为我的教程,教你的是方法。 知道了方法了,不论网站的内部逻辑如何变化,你都可以通过同样的方法,去找到最新的逻辑,用代码去实现。
      crifan11年前 (2013-04-22)回复
  15. 一模一样的代码.NET 2.0成功,.NET 4.0执行失败。没搞清楚原因。 错误代码依然是楼上一样,返回的:返回的是”\r\nvar bdPass=bdPass||{};\r\nbdPass.api=bdPass.api||{};\r\nbdPass.api.params=bdPass.api.params||{};\r\nbdPass.api.params.login_token=’the fisrt two args should be string type:0,1!’;\r\n\tbdPass.api.params.login_tpl=’mn’;\r\n\r\n\t\t\tdocument.write(”);\r\n\t\tdocument.write(”);\r\n”。改成.NET 2.0就行了。怀疑是Cookie的原因。
    小五11年前 (2013-03-10)回复
    • +100 我也是一样的问题,移植到.net4.0的时候 就不行了。 然后修改2.0然后完美运行。
      Evans11年前 (2013-05-22)回复
  16. 为什么我试第一种方案的时候,提取出来的tolen值却为:错误:没有找到token的值!呢?这个是什么问题??
    jackiewillen12年前 (2012-11-09)回复
    • 1. 你是下载emulateLoginBaidu_csharp_2012-11-07.7z,然后编译,运行,结果可以成功提取BAIDUID,但却提取不到token值? 2. 你会使用VS2010吧?如果会的话,去调试其中的btnGetToken_Click中所返回的respHtml,看看其值是什么,然后贴出来给我看看。
      crifan12年前 (2012-11-09)回复
      • 返回的是"\r\nvar bdPass=bdPass||{};\r\nbdPass.api=bdPass.api||{};\r\nbdPass.api.params=bdPass.api.params||{};\r\nbdPass.api.params.login_token='the fisrt two args should be string type:0,1!';\r\n\tbdPass.api.params.login_tpl='mn';\r\n\r\n\t\t\tdocument.write('');\r\n\t\tdocument.write('');\r\n"
        jackiewillen12年前 (2012-11-09)回复
        • 我之前测试时也遇到和你同样的问题,原因是没有正确执行第一步的“获取cookie BAIDUID”。 请问你这里,是先点击“获取cookie BAIDUID”,并且可以正确看到“获取到的cookie BIAUID”中输入的[BAIDUID]=xxx 了吗? 如果是的,那么第二步,就应该可以获得正确返回的结果,能够提取出来token值才对的。
          crifan12年前 (2012-11-09)回复
          • 第一步点击(获取cookie BAIDUID)取BAIDUID为[BAIDUID]=9DF896ECD1E57F3DA3F7747A6E623DA4:FG=1;接下来一步点击(获取token的值)得到结果为错误:没有找到token的值!真不知道哪错了,找了半天了。。。
            jackiewillen12年前 (2012-11-09)回复
            • 难道是百度系统内部的逻辑又更新了?那等我有空再测试测试吧。。。
              crifan12年前 (2012-11-09)回复
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