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    【已解决】PySpider模拟小花生app请求parentChildReadingBookQuery2返回空数据

    app crifan 944浏览 0评论
    折腾：
    【已解决】PySpider中用Python代码爬取小花生app中绘本数据
    期间，已经搞定了如何传递data的json数据，已经可以获取返回的数据了，其中J字段包含要的数据。
    但是后来又遇到另外问题：
    虽然调用api没有500错误，但是返回的J是空的：
    {
    "C": 0,
    "J": null,
    "M": "9999",
    "ST": null
}
    而对应的代码中，以为是格式问题，调试了半天：
    ParentChildReadingUrl = "http://www.xiaohuasheng.cn:83/Reading.svc/parentChildReadingBookQuery2"


    def getParentChildReading(self, offset, limit):
        print("offset=%d, limit=%d" % (offset, limit))


        # jTemplate = """{"userId":"%s","fieldName":"","fieldValue":"全部类别","theStageOfTheChild":"","parentalEnglishLevel":"","supportingResources":"有音频","offset":%d,"limit":%d}"""
        jTemplate = "{\"userId\":\"%s\",\"fieldName\":\"\",\"fieldValue\":\"全部类别\",\"theStageOfTheChild\":\"\",\"parentalEnglishLevel\":\"\",\"supportingResources\":\"有音频\",\"offset\":%d,\"limit\":%d}"
        jcJsonDict = {
            "J": jTemplate % (UserId, offset, limit),
            "C": 0
        }
        print("jcJsonDict=%s" % jcJsonDict)


        parentChildReadingParamDict = {
            "offset": offset,
            "limit": limit,
            "jTemplate": jTemplate,
            "jcJsonDict": jcJsonDict
        }


        # for debug
        # jcJsonDict = {"J":"{\"userId\":\"1134723\",\"fieldName\":\"\",\"fieldValue\":\"全部类别\",\"theStageOfTheChild\":\"\",\"parentalEnglishLevel\":\"\",\"supportingResources\":\"\",\"offset\":0,\"limit\":10}","C":0}
        # jcJsonDict = {"J":"{\"userId\":\"1134723\",\"fieldName\":\"\",\"fieldValue\":\"全部类别\",\"theStageOfTheChild\":\"\",\"parentalEnglishLevel\":\"\",\"supportingResources\":\"有音频\",\"offset\":0,\"limit\":10}","C":0}
        # jcJsonDict = {"J":"{\"userId\":\"1134723\",\"fieldName\":\"\",\"fieldValue\":\"全部类别\",\"grades\":\"\",\"levels\":\"\",\"supportingResources\":\"有音频\",\"offset\":0,\"limit\":10}","C":0}
        # jcJsonDict = {"J":"{\"userId\":\"1134723\",\"fieldName\":\"\",\"fieldValue\":\"全部类别\",\"grades\":\"\",\"levels\":\"\",\"supportingResources\":\"\",\"offset\":0,\"limit\":10}","C":0}
        # jcJsonDict = {"J":'{"userId":"1134723","fieldName":"","fieldValue":"全部类别","grades":"","levels":"","supportingResources":"","offset":0,"limit":10}',"C":0}
        # jcJsonDict = {"J":"{\"userId\":\"1134723\",\"fieldName\":\"\",\"fieldValue\":\"全部类别\",\"theStageOfTheChild\":\"\",\"parentalEnglishLevel\":\"\",\"supportingResources\":\"有音频\",\"offset\":0,\"limit\":10}","C":0}


        jcJsonDictStr = json.dumps(jcJsonDict)
        print("jcJsonDictStr=%s" % jcJsonDictStr)


        # # for debug
        # jcJsonDictStr = '{"J":"{\"userId\":\"1134723\",\"fieldName\":\"\",\"fieldValue\":\"全部类别\",\"theStageOfTheChild\":\"\",\"parentalEnglishLevel\":\"\",\"supportingResources\":\"\",\"offset\":0,\"limit\":10}","C":0}'
        # print("jcJsonDictStr=%s" % jcJsonDictStr)


        self.crawl(ParentChildReadingUrl,
            method="POST",
            # data=jcJsonDict,
            data= jcJsonDictStr,
            callback=self.getParentChildReadingCallback,
            save=parentChildReadingParamDict
        )
    经过大量的调试发现：
    原来是：
    不同的分页数据，对应着不同的timestamp和signature
    此处抓包出来的是：
    limit都是10
    （1）offset=0
    timestamp: 1553845333
signature: 2c30a3ac5898fa43eeececfa21560f5b

{"J":"{\"userId\":\"1134723\",\"fieldName\":\"\",\"fieldValue\":\"全部类别\",\"theStageOfTheChild\":\"\",\"parentalEnglishLevel\":\"\",\"supportingResources\":\"有音频\",\"offset\":0,\"limit\":10}","C":0}
    （2）offset=10
    timestamp: 1553845860
signature: 1a9e12563d819f4ad929d01168a9347a

{"J":"{\"userId\":\"1134723\",\"fieldName\":\"\",\"fieldValue\":\"全部类别\",\"theStageOfTheChild\":\"\",\"parentalEnglishLevel\":\"\",\"supportingResources\":\"有音频\",\"offset\":10,\"limit\":10}","C":0}
    （3）offset=20
    timestamp: 1553845899
signature: c687d5dfa015246e6bdc6b3c27c2afea

{"J":"{\"userId\":\"1134723\",\"fieldName\":\"\",\"fieldValue\":\"全部类别\",\"theStageOfTheChild\":\"\",\"parentalEnglishLevel\":\"\",\"supportingResources\":\"有音频\",\"offset\":20,\"limit\":10}","C":0}
    而去postman中测试，如果：
    offset=0的
    timestamp: 1553845333
    signature: 2c30a3ac5898fa43eeececfa21560f5b
    继续用在
    offset=10
    或者
    其他如offset=20 的
    timestamp: 1553845899
    signature: c687d5dfa015246e6bdc6b3c27c2afea
    用到了offset=10
    都会导致
    {
    "C": 0,
    "J": null,
    "M": "9999",
    "ST": null
}
    那问题就转换为：
    【已解决】小花生app中调用接口parentChildReadingBookQuery2时timestamp和signature生成的逻辑
    【总结】
    之前返回空数据，是因为signature的值不对，所以会返回空数据。
    而现在已可以，生成正确的signature，所以就可以继续调用api获取json，且解密json了。
    完整代码如下：
    #!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- encoding: utf-8 -*-
# Created on 2019-03-27 15:35:20
# Project: XiaohuashengApp


from pyspider.libs.base_handler import *


import os
import json
import codecs
import base64
import gzip
import copy
import time
# import datetime
from datetime import datetime, timedelta
from hashlib import md5


######################################################################
# Const
######################################################################


SelfReadingUrl = "http://www.xiaohuasheng.cn:83/Reading.svc/selfReadingBookQuery2"
ParentChildReadingUrl = "http://www.xiaohuasheng.cn:83/Reading.svc/parentChildReadingBookQuery2"


RESPONSE_OK = "1001"


######################################################################
# Config & Settings
######################################################################


OutputFolder = "/Users/crifan/dev/dev_root/company/xxx/projects/crawler_projects/crawler_xiaohuasheng_app/output"


DefaultPageSize = 10


UserAgentNoxAndroid = "Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; U; Android 4.4.2; zh-cn; A0001 Build/KOT49H) AppleWebKit/533.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/4.0 Mobile Safari/533.1"


gUserId = "1134723"
gAuthorization = """NSTp9~)NwSfrXp@\\"""


# Timestamp = "1553671960"
# Signature = "bc8d887e7f16ef92269f55bfd74e131b"
# Timestamp = "1553671956"
# Signature = "a1f51f6852f42d934f0ac154dc374500"
# Timestamp = "1553675572"
# Signature = "d516df23120d3c9f0397475f03c61199"
# gTimestamp = "1553845333"
# gSignature = "2c30a3ac5898fa43eeececfa21560f5b"


gUserToken = "40d2267f-359e-4526-951a-66519e5868c3"
gSecretKey = “AyGt7ohMR!xx#N"


gHeaders = {
    "Host": "www.xiaohuasheng.cn:83",
    "User-Agent": UserAgentNoxAndroid,
    "Content-Type": "application/json",


    "userId": gUserId,
    "Authorization": gAuthorization,
    # "timestamp": gTimestamp,
    # "signature": gSignature,


    "cookie": "ASP.NET_SessionId=dxf3obxgn5t4w350xp3icgy0",
    # "Cookie2": "$Version=1",
    "Accept": "*/*",
    "Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate",
    "cache-control": "no-cache",


    "Connection": "keep-alive",
    # "content-length": "202",
}


######################################################################
# Common Util Functions
######################################################################


def getCurTimestamp(withMilliseconds=False):
    """
    get current time's timestamp
        (default)not milliseconds -> 10 digits: 1351670162
        with milliseconds -> 13 digits: 1531464292921
    """
    curDatetime = datetime.now()
    return datetimeToTimestamp(curDatetime, withMilliseconds)


def datetimeToTimestamp(datetimeVal, withMilliseconds=False) :
    """
        convert datetime value to timestamp
        eg:
            "2006-06-01 00:00:00.123" -> 1149091200
            if with milliseconds -> 1149091200123
    :param datetimeVal:
    :return:
    """
    timetupleValue = datetimeVal.timetuple()
    timestampFloat = time.mktime(timetupleValue) # 1531468736.0 -> 10 digits
    timestamp10DigitInt = int(timestampFloat) # 1531468736
    timestampInt = timestamp10DigitInt


    if withMilliseconds:
        microsecondInt = datetimeVal.microsecond # 817762
        microsecondFloat = float(microsecondInt)/float(1000000) # 0.817762
        timestampFloat = timestampFloat + microsecondFloat # 1531468736.817762
        timestampFloat = timestampFloat * 1000 # 1531468736817.7621 -> 13 digits
        timestamp13DigitInt = int(timestampFloat) # 1531468736817
        timestampInt = timestamp13DigitInt


    return timestampInt


def extractSuffix(fileNameOrUrl):
    """
    extract file suffix from name or url
    eg:
        https://cdn2.xxx.cn/2018-09-10/15365514898246.mp4 -> mp4
        15365514894833.srt -> srt
    """
    return fileNameOrUrl.split('.')[-1]


def createFolder(folderFullPath):
    """
        create folder, even if already existed
        Note: for Python 3.2+
    """
    os.makedirs(folderFullPath, exist_ok=True)
    print("Created folder: %s" % folderFullPath)


def saveDataToFile(fullFilename, binaryData):
    """save binary data info file"""
    with open(fullFilename, 'wb') as fp:
        fp.write(binaryData)
        fp.close()
        print("Complete save file %s" % fullFilename)


def saveJsonToFile(fullFilename, jsonValue):
    """save json dict into file"""
    with codecs.open(fullFilename, 'w', encoding="utf-8") as jsonFp:
        json.dump(jsonValue, jsonFp, indent=2, ensure_ascii=False)
        print("Complete save json %s" % fullFilename)


def loadJsonFromFile(fullFilename):
    """load and parse json dict from file"""
    with codecs.open(fullFilename, 'r', encoding="utf-8") as jsonFp:
        jsonDict = json.load(jsonFp)
        print("Complete load json from %s" % fullFilename)
        return jsonDict


######################################################################
# Main
######################################################################


class Handler(BaseHandler):
    crawl_config = {
        # 'headers': {
        #     "Host": "www.xiaohuasheng.cn:83",
        #     "User-Agent": UserAgentNoxAndroid,
        #     "Content-Type": "application/json",


        #     "userId": gUserId,
        #     "Authorization": gAuthorization,
        #     # "timestamp": gTimestamp,
        #     # "signature": gSignature,


        #     "cookie": "ASP.NET_SessionId=dxf3obxgn5t4w350xp3icgy0",
        #     # "Cookie2": "$Version=1",
        #     "Accept": "*/*",
        #     "Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate",
        #     "cache-control": "no-cache",


        #     "Connection": "keep-alive",
        #     # "content-length": "202",
        # },
    }


    def on_start(self):
        offset = 0
        limit = DefaultPageSize
        self.getParentChildReading(offset, limit)


    def getParentChildReading(self, offset, limit):
        print("offset=%d, limit=%d" % (offset, limit))


        # jTemplate = """{"userId":"%s","fieldName":"","fieldValue":"全部类别","theStageOfTheChild":"","parentalEnglishLevel":"","supportingResources":"有音频","offset":%d,"limit":%d}"""
        jTemplate = "{\"userId\":\"%s\",\"fieldName\":\"\",\"fieldValue\":\"全部类别\",\"theStageOfTheChild\":\"\",\"parentalEnglishLevel\":\"\",\"supportingResources\":\"有音频\",\"offset\":%d,\"limit\":%d}"
        jcJsonDict = {
            "J": jTemplate % (gUserId, offset, limit),
            "C": 0
        }
        # print("jcJsonDict=%s" % jcJsonDict)


        parentChildReadingParamDict = {
            "offset": offset,
            "limit": limit,
            "jTemplate": jTemplate,
            "jcJsonDict": jcJsonDict
        }


        # for debug
        # jcJsonDict = {"J":"{\"userId\":\"1134723\",\"fieldName\":\"\",\"fieldValue\":\"全部类别\",\"theStageOfTheChild\":\"\",\"parentalEnglishLevel\":\"\",\"supportingResources\":\"\",\"offset\":0,\"limit\":10}","C":0}
        # jcJsonDict = {"J":"{\"userId\":\"1134723\",\"fieldName\":\"\",\"fieldValue\":\"全部类别\",\"theStageOfTheChild\":\"\",\"parentalEnglishLevel\":\"\",\"supportingResources\":\"有音频\",\"offset\":0,\"limit\":10}","C":0}
        # jcJsonDict = {"J":"{\"userId\":\"1134723\",\"fieldName\":\"\",\"fieldValue\":\"全部类别\",\"grades\":\"\",\"levels\":\"\",\"supportingResources\":\"有音频\",\"offset\":0,\"limit\":10}","C":0}
        # jcJsonDict = {"J":"{\"userId\":\"1134723\",\"fieldName\":\"\",\"fieldValue\":\"全部类别\",\"grades\":\"\",\"levels\":\"\",\"supportingResources\":\"\",\"offset\":0,\"limit\":10}","C":0}
        # jcJsonDict = {"J":'{"userId":"1134723","fieldName":"","fieldValue":"全部类别","grades":"","levels":"","supportingResources":"","offset":0,"limit":10}',"C":0}
        # jcJsonDict = {"J":"{\"userId\":\"1134723\",\"fieldName\":\"\",\"fieldValue\":\"全部类别\",\"theStageOfTheChild\":\"\",\"parentalEnglishLevel\":\"\",\"supportingResources\":\"有音频\",\"offset\":0,\"limit\":10}","C":0}


        jValueStr = jcJsonDict["J"]
        # print("jValueStr=%s" % jValueStr)


        jcJsonDictStr = json.dumps(jcJsonDict)
        # print("jcJsonDictStr=%s" % jcJsonDictStr)


        # # for debug
        # jcJsonDictStr = '{"J":"{\"userId\":\"1134723\",\"fieldName\":\"\",\"fieldValue\":\"全部类别\",\"theStageOfTheChild\":\"\",\"parentalEnglishLevel\":\"\",\"supportingResources\":\"\",\"offset\":0,\"limit\":10}","C":0}'
        # print("jcJsonDictStr=%s" % jcJsonDictStr)


        curHeaders = copy.deepcopy(gHeaders)
        # print("curHeaders=%s" % curHeaders)
        # print("type(curHeaders)=%s" % type(curHeaders))
        curTimestampInt = getCurTimestamp()


        # # for debug
        # curTimestampInt = int(gTimestamp)


        # print("curTimestampInt=%s" % curTimestampInt)
        curTimestampStr = str(curTimestampInt)


        # print("curTimestampStr=%s" % curTimestampStr)
        curHeaders["timestamp"] = curTimestampStr
        # jValueParamStr = jcJsonDictStr
        # jcJsonDictFormattedStr = "%s" % jcJsonDict
        # jcJsonDictFormattedStr = jcJsonDictFormattedStr.replace(" ", "")
        # print("jcJsonDictFormattedStr=%s" % jcJsonDictFormattedStr)
        # jValueParamStr = jcJsonDictFormattedStr
        jValueParamStr = jValueStr
        calculatedSignature = self.generateSignature(curTimestampInt, jValueParamStr)
        # print("calculatedSignature=%s" % calculatedSignature)
        curHeaders["signature"] = calculatedSignature


        # # for debug
        # curHeaders["signature"] = gSignature
        # print("debug signature=%s" % curHeaders["signature"])


        self.crawl(ParentChildReadingUrl,
            method="POST",
            # data=jcJsonDict,
            data= jcJsonDictStr,
            callback=self.getParentChildReadingCallback,
            headers=curHeaders,
            save=parentChildReadingParamDict
        )


    def generateSignature(self, timestampInt, jValueParamStr):
        # print("generateSignature: timestampInt=%d, jValueParamStr=%s" % (timestampInt, jValueParamStr))
        # userId = "1134723"
        userId = gUserId
        timestamp = "%s" % timestampInt
        # localObject = "/Reading.svc/parentChildReadingBookQuery2"
        # localObject = jValueParamStr
        # userToken = "40d2267f-359e-4526-951a-66519e5868c3"
        userToken = gUserToken
        # fixedSault = “AyGt7ohMR!xx#N"
        # secretKey = “AyGt7ohMR!xx#N"
        secretKey = gSecretKey


        # strToCalc = userId + timestamp + localObject + jValueParamStr + fixedSault
        # strToCalc = timestamp + localObject + fixedSault
        strToCalc = userId + timestamp + jValueParamStr + userToken + secretKey
        # print("strToCalc=%s" % strToCalc)


        encodedStr = strToCalc.encode()
        # encodedStr = strToCalc.encode("UTF-8")
        # print("encodedStr=%s" % encodedStr)
        md5Result = md5(encodedStr)
        # print("md5Result=%s" % md5Result) # md5Result=<md5 HASH object @ 0x1044f1df0>


        # md5Result = md5()
        # md5Result.update(strToCalc)


        # md5Digest = md5Result.digest()
        # print("md5Digest=%s" % md5Digest) #
        # print("len(md5Digest)=%s" % len(md5Digest))


        md5Hexdigest = md5Result.hexdigest()
        # print("md5Hexdigest=%s" % md5Hexdigest)
        # print("len(md5Hexdigest)=%s" % len(md5Hexdigest))
        # md5Hexdigest=c687d5dfa015246e6bdc6b3c27c2afea
        print("md5=%s from %s" % (md5Hexdigest, strToCalc))
        return md5Hexdigest
        # return md5Digest


    def extractResponseData(self, respJson):
        """
        {
            "C": 2,
            "J": "H4sIAA.......AA=",
            "M": "1001",
            "ST": null
        }
        """
        # respJson = json.loads(respJson)
        respM = respJson["M"]
        if respM != RESPONSE_OK:
            return None
        encodedStr = respJson["J"]
        decodedStr = base64.b64decode(encodedStr)
        # print("decodedStr=%s" % decodedStr)


        decompressedStr = gzip.decompress(decodedStr)
        # print("decompressedStr=%s" % decompressedStr)
        decompressedStrUnicode = decompressedStr.decode("UTF-8")
        # print("decompressedStrUnicode=%s" % decompressedStrUnicode)
        decompressedJson = json.loads(decompressedStrUnicode)
        respDataDict = decompressedJson
        return respDataDict


    def getParentChildReadingCallback(self, response):
        respUrl = response.url
        print("respUrl=%s" % respUrl)
        prevParaDict = response.save
        print("prevParaDict=%s" % prevParaDict)
        respJson = response.json
        print("respJson=%s" % respJson)


        respData = self.extractResponseData(respJson)
        print("respData=%s" % respData)


        if respData:
            bookSeriesList = respData
            for eachBookSerie in bookSeriesList:
                print("eachBookSerie=%s" % eachBookSerie)
                # self.getStorybookDetail(eachBookSerie)


            prevOffset = prevParaDict["offset"]
            limit = prevParaDict["limit"]
            print("prevOffset=%d, limit=%d" % (prevOffset, limit))
            offset = prevOffset + limit
            self.getParentChildReading(offset, limit)
        else:
            print("!!! %s return no more data: %s" % (response.url, respJson))
    效果：

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